HALCON 18.11.0.0 / HALCON Operator Reference / Morphology / Region
ClassesClasses | | Operators

closingclosingClosingClosing (Operator)

Name

closingclosingClosingClosing — Close a region.

Signature

closing(Region, StructElement : RegionClosing : : )

Herror closing(const Hobject Region, const Hobject StructElement, Hobject* RegionClosing)

Herror T_closing(const Hobject Region, const Hobject StructElement, Hobject* RegionClosing)

void Closing(const HObject& Region, const HObject& StructElement, HObject* RegionClosing)

HRegion HRegion::Closing(const HRegion& StructElement) const

static void HOperatorSet.Closing(HObject region, HObject structElement, out HObject regionClosing)

HRegion HRegion.Closing(HRegion structElement)

Description

A closingclosingClosingClosingClosing operation is defined as a dilation followed by a Minkowsi subtraction. By applying closingclosingClosingClosingClosing to a region, larger structures remain mostly intact, while small gaps between adjacent regions and holes smaller than StructElementStructElementStructElementStructElementstructElement are closed, and the regions' boundaries are smoothed. All closingclosingClosingClosingClosing variants share the property that separate regions are not merged, but remain separate objects. The position of StructElementStructElementStructElementStructElementstructElement is meaningless, since a closing operation is invariant with respect to the choice of the reference point.

Structuring elements (StructElementStructElementStructElementStructElementstructElement) can be generated with operators such as gen_circlegen_circleGenCircleGenCircleGenCircle, gen_rectangle1gen_rectangle1GenRectangle1GenRectangle1GenRectangle1, gen_rectangle2gen_rectangle2GenRectangle2GenRectangle2GenRectangle2, gen_ellipsegen_ellipseGenEllipseGenEllipseGenEllipse, draw_regiondraw_regionDrawRegionDrawRegionDrawRegion, gen_region_polygongen_region_polygonGenRegionPolygonGenRegionPolygonGenRegionPolygon, gen_region_pointsgen_region_pointsGenRegionPointsGenRegionPointsGenRegionPoints, etc.

Attention

closingclosingClosingClosingClosing is applied to each input region separately. If gaps between different regions are to be closed, union1union1Union1Union1Union1 or union2union2Union2Union2Union2 has to be called first.

Execution Information

Parameters

RegionRegionRegionRegionregion (input_object)  region(-array) → objectHRegionHRegionHobject

Regions to be closed.

StructElementStructElementStructElementStructElementstructElement (input_object)  region → objectHRegionHRegionHobject

Structuring element (position-invariant).

RegionClosingRegionClosingRegionClosingRegionClosingregionClosing (output_object)  region(-array) → objectHRegionHRegionHobject *

Closed regions.

Example (C++ (HALCON 5.0-10.0))

#include "HIOStream.h"
#if !defined(USE_IOSTREAM_H)
using namespace std;
#endif
#include "HalconCpp.h"

main()
{
  cout << "Reproduction of 'closing ()' using " << endl;
  cout << "'dilation()' and 'minkowski_sub1()'" << endl;

  HByteImage img("monkey");
  HWindow    w;

  HRegion      circ = HRegion::GenCircle (10, 10, 1.5);
  HRegionArray regs = (img >= 128).Connection();

  HRegionArray dilreg = regs.Dilation1 (circ, 1);
  HRegionArray minsub = dilreg.MinkowskiSub1 (circ, 1);

                        img.Display (w);      w.Click ();
  w.SetColor ("red");   regs.Display (w);     w.Click ();
  w.SetColor ("green"); dilreg.Display (w);   w.Click ();
  w.SetColor ("blue");  minsub.Display (w);   w.Click ();

  return(0);
}

Example (C)

my_closing(Hobject In, Hobject StructElement, Hobject *Out)
{
  Hobject  tmp;
  dilation1(In,StructElement,&tmp,1);
  minkowski_sub1(tmp,StructElement,Out,1);
}

Example (C++ (HALCON 5.0-10.0))

#include "HIOStream.h"
#if !defined(USE_IOSTREAM_H)
using namespace std;
#endif
#include "HalconCpp.h"

main()
{
  cout << "Reproduction of 'closing ()' using " << endl;
  cout << "'dilation()' and 'minkowski_sub1()'" << endl;

  HByteImage img("monkey");
  HWindow    w;

  HRegion      circ = HRegion::GenCircle (10, 10, 1.5);
  HRegionArray regs = (img >= 128).Connection();

  HRegionArray dilreg = regs.Dilation1 (circ, 1);
  HRegionArray minsub = dilreg.MinkowskiSub1 (circ, 1);

                        img.Display (w);      w.Click ();
  w.SetColor ("red");   regs.Display (w);     w.Click ();
  w.SetColor ("green"); dilreg.Display (w);   w.Click ();
  w.SetColor ("blue");  minsub.Display (w);   w.Click ();

  return(0);
}

Example (C++ (HALCON 5.0-10.0))

#include "HIOStream.h"
#if !defined(USE_IOSTREAM_H)
using namespace std;
#endif
#include "HalconCpp.h"

main()
{
  cout << "Reproduction of 'closing ()' using " << endl;
  cout << "'dilation()' and 'minkowski_sub1()'" << endl;

  HByteImage img("monkey");
  HWindow    w;

  HRegion      circ = HRegion::GenCircle (10, 10, 1.5);
  HRegionArray regs = (img >= 128).Connection();

  HRegionArray dilreg = regs.Dilation1 (circ, 1);
  HRegionArray minsub = dilreg.MinkowskiSub1 (circ, 1);

                        img.Display (w);      w.Click ();
  w.SetColor ("red");   regs.Display (w);     w.Click ();
  w.SetColor ("green"); dilreg.Display (w);   w.Click ();
  w.SetColor ("blue");  minsub.Display (w);   w.Click ();

  return(0);
}

Example (C++ (HALCON 5.0-10.0))

#include "HIOStream.h"
#if !defined(USE_IOSTREAM_H)
using namespace std;
#endif
#include "HalconCpp.h"

main()
{
  cout << "Reproduction of 'closing ()' using " << endl;
  cout << "'dilation()' and 'minkowski_sub1()'" << endl;

  HByteImage img("monkey");
  HWindow    w;

  HRegion      circ = HRegion::GenCircle (10, 10, 1.5);
  HRegionArray regs = (img >= 128).Connection();

  HRegionArray dilreg = regs.Dilation1 (circ, 1);
  HRegionArray minsub = dilreg.MinkowskiSub1 (circ, 1);

                        img.Display (w);      w.Click ();
  w.SetColor ("red");   regs.Display (w);     w.Click ();
  w.SetColor ("green"); dilreg.Display (w);   w.Click ();
  w.SetColor ("blue");  minsub.Display (w);   w.Click ();

  return(0);
}

Complexity

Let F1 be the area of the input region, and F2 be the area of the structuring element. Then the runtime complexity for one region is:

Result

closingclosingClosingClosingClosing returns 2 (H_MSG_TRUE) if all parameters are correct. The behavior in case of empty or no input region can be set via:

Otherwise, an exception is raised.

Possible Predecessors

thresholdthresholdThresholdThresholdThreshold, regiongrowingregiongrowingRegiongrowingRegiongrowingRegiongrowing, connectionconnectionConnectionConnectionConnection, union1union1Union1Union1Union1, watershedswatershedsWatershedsWatershedsWatersheds, class_ndim_normclass_ndim_normClassNdimNormClassNdimNormClassNdimNorm, gen_circlegen_circleGenCircleGenCircleGenCircle, gen_ellipsegen_ellipseGenEllipseGenEllipseGenEllipse, gen_rectangle1gen_rectangle1GenRectangle1GenRectangle1GenRectangle1, gen_rectangle2gen_rectangle2GenRectangle2GenRectangle2GenRectangle2, draw_regiondraw_regionDrawRegionDrawRegionDrawRegion, gen_region_pointsgen_region_pointsGenRegionPointsGenRegionPointsGenRegionPoints, gen_region_polygon_filledgen_region_polygon_filledGenRegionPolygonFilledGenRegionPolygonFilledGenRegionPolygonFilled

Possible Successors

reduce_domainreduce_domainReduceDomainReduceDomainReduceDomain, select_shapeselect_shapeSelectShapeSelectShapeSelectShape, area_centerarea_centerAreaCenterAreaCenterAreaCenter, connectionconnectionConnectionConnectionConnection

Alternatives

closing_circleclosing_circleClosingCircleClosingCircleClosingCircle

See also

dilation1dilation1Dilation1Dilation1Dilation1, erosion1erosion1Erosion1Erosion1Erosion1, openingopeningOpeningOpeningOpening, minkowski_sub1minkowski_sub1MinkowskiSub1MinkowskiSub1MinkowskiSub1

Module

Foundation

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HALCON Operator Reference 18.11.0.0 Copyright © 1996-2018 MVTec Software GmbH